Gefilte Fish

Gefilte Fish
Gabriela Herman for The New York Times
Total Time
40 minutes
Rating
4(465)
Notes
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If you loathe gefilte fish, that staple of the Seder, it may just be that you've never had it homemade. In this recipe, created to convert gefilte fish skeptics, the traditional patties are updated with more flavorful fish, and then poached in court-bouillon — that is, a light vegetable broth. Be sure to use a wide pot here; the patties rise to the top as they cook, and you want to give them enough space.

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Ingredients

Yield:About 20 patties
  • 2medium yellow onions, peeled
  • 2celery stalks
  • 3large carrots, peeled
  • 1fennel bulb
  • 6black peppercorns
  • teaspoons salt, or to taste
  • pounds boneless, skinless salmon, whitefish or striped bass fillets, cut into 2-inch pieces
  • ½pound boneless, skinless trout, pike or carp (or a mixture of two), cut into 2-inch pieces
  • 10chives
  • 3tablespoons chopped parsley, tarragon, dill and/or a combination
  • 3large eggs, lightly beaten
  • 1tablespoon vegetable oil
  • 4 to 6tablespoons matzo meal
  • ½teaspoon ground black pepper
  • 1head radicchio or endive, or both, for serving
  • Prepared horseradish, for serving
Ingredient Substitution Guide
Nutritional analysis per serving (8 servings)

216 calories; 8 grams fat; 2 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 3 grams monounsaturated fat; 2 grams polyunsaturated fat; 12 grams carbohydrates; 3 grams dietary fiber; 4 grams sugars; 25 grams protein; 584 milligrams sodium

Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.

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Preparation

  1. Step 1

    Fill a large, wide pot with 10 cups of water and place over high heat. While bringing to a boil, coarsely chop and add to the pot 1 onion, 1 celery stalk, 1 carrot and the fennel bulb. Add the peppercorns and 1 teaspoon salt. Once water is boiling, reduce the heat and simmer, uncovered, while preparing the fish.

  2. Step 2

    Coarsely chop the remaining onion, celery stalk and 1 carrot, then pulse in a food processor until finely chopped. Add fish, chives and 2 tablespoons parsley, tarragon and/or dill, and keep pulsing until fish is chopped but not mushy.

  3. Step 3

    Move the fish mixture to a medium bowl and add eggs, oil, matzo meal, 1½ teaspoons salt (or more to taste) and the ground black pepper, and mix well with your hands.

  4. Step 4

    Put your hands in a bowl of cold water. Using your hands, mold the fish mixture into a 3- by 2-inch oval patty (about 2 ounces) and gently place on a platter. Repeat with the remaining fish mixture, dipping your hands in water as needed.

  5. Step 5

    Pop the third carrot into the simmering broth and gently add the patties to the pot. Cover and cook for about 20 minutes until patties are firm.

  6. Step 6

    Use a slotted spoon to remove the fish and carrot from the poaching liquid to cool on a plate. Slice the carrot diagonally into thin rounds.

  7. Step 7

    Place each patty on a leaf of radicchio or endive or both. Set the sliced carrot rounds on top of each patty. Garnish with the remaining tablespoon of fresh herbs and serve warm or at room temperature with horseradish, preferably homemade. If making a day ahead, refrigerate, covered, then return the patties to room temperature before serving.

Ratings

4 out of 5
465 user ratings
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Cooking Notes

I've been making this for years, but I switched to an even easier method. I use 3 lb fish, a mixture of salmon, ling cod, red snapper, and Dover sole (I live in WA). I use the other ingredients in this recipe but add grated carrots and herbs. I pour the mixture into a greased 12 cup bundt pan and bake at 325 for an hour. I get lovely slices of gefilte fish. I used to spend hours making balls. Now I have more time for other Seder items, and the fish "cake" is delicious.

I've been doing this for about 23 years having picked it up from my mother who picked it up from her mother-in-law who was from Poland. What intrigued me was losing the 2+ hours to get the broth. The question I had is that let the fish sit in the broth until they are ready to be eaten, and that can be as long as a week after I make them. Does the broth you generate - with a much shorter cooking time - work for that purpose ?

Maybe not appropriate: a scientist back in the 20's was watching his mother prepare gefilte fish and had an aha moment. He discovered the transmission route for a certain parasitic worm whose eggs established themselves in fish flesh. It seems only Jewish women, not men, were infected with the worm. The women who prepared gefilte fish were infected from tasting the raw fish and ingesting parasite eggs. Washing your hands isn't just for handling raw chicken.

How many should this recipe make?

If you put the fish mixture into the refrigerator for 20 minutes before constructing the balls and putting them in the simmering water, you will find the task easier and less frustrating.

The Gelfiltefish manifesto suggests using fresh dill and watercress as the herbs and then baking in a terrine - serve with watercress, horseradish and minced red peppers.

I make gefilte fish with white and pike fish. I add bones and head from the pike fish and try to get a carp head from the fish store. This makes a gel which a lot of people like. It cooks 1 and a 1/2 hours. I do not add onion to the water. Onion makes the fish darker. I do add celery and carrot.

This recipe is good, but it needs more salt. I actually fried a small piece of the gefilte fish mixture to check the seasoning before I cooked them, and it tasted good. But the broth you boil the gefilte fish in only has 1 tsp of salt, so the fish ends up absorbing all this low salt broth, and then tastes a little bland. If I was going to make these again, I'd either double the salt in the fish mixture or make a much saltier broth.

My grand mother made gefilte fish the traditional way in individual pattys cooked in broth but it always seemed like a lot of work so I make gefilte fish loaf, which is baked, as it seems easier and tastes good. I use a recipe I found in one of Jane Brody's books which I believe is adapted from one of Florence Fabricant's for gefilte fish terrine which can be found on NYT's site.

Gefilte fish is made from fresh water fish do not taste the mixture until it has been well cooked.

Rita- You nailed it. I made this with Salmon, Cod, & Trout. Added a little of the fennel to the mix & baked it in a water-bath covered for 30 minutes & uncovered for 30 minutes. It was a great success. The presentation was off the chart. I served it with pickled red onions, carrots, fennel, Fresno peppers, & radish. then a little fennel frond. Making it again for a sedar this Saturday. Thanks for your recommendation. An instant classic.

The vacuum seal in this fashion is not a sign that the contents are safely processed for long term storage. More importantly, for long term preserving, fish must be processed with a pressurized canner due to its high pH (low acidity). Microbes such as botulism can survive the temp of boiling water so the higher temp of pressurized cooking is vital. Botulism can survive, and thrives, in low acid, low oxygen environments. And the onions, carrots, celery, and the eggs are also low acid foods.

We tried making it once - I'll never forget the huge carp swimming in our bathtub for about a day before we turned it into gefilte fish. What an ordeal it all was! It came out tasty, yes, but no better than Manischewitz Premium Gold, the best I've ever eaten. Slightly (but not overly) sweet, with carrots and a well made jelly that isn't gummy, I adore them with delicious homemade horseradish with lots of beets. Yum!

I once made fresh horseradish in the food processor. Haha, never again! I stuck my nose right into the container; it felt like an imaginary hand reached out to punch me in the face! My eyes swelled shut. When I was finally able to breathe, I approached my kitchen as if there was a rattlesnake waiting to ambush me! I’ll buy the bottle from the supermarket, thank you.

A real carp in your bathtub??? Respect.

Bring this up a notch with homemade chrain (horseradish). I peel a hunk, shave it into my food processor, add a chopped peeled raw beet or two (my ratio is a little more horseradish than beet), add a pinch of salt and perhaps a spoonful of sugar, process until fine, spoon into a jar and stir in enough white or wine vinegar to moisten well. Adjust salt and sugar to taste. Cover and keep refrigerated. Just be careful not to breathe in or get your eyes too close while processing! Strong stuff!

I like this recipe a lot (as do my Passover guests) but agree with others about the salt. One thing, though, the gefilte does *not* need 20 minutes cooking time - 10 minutes is enough and they float to the top of the water when they're ready.

Add 1 1/2 Tbs sugar to fish mixture, decrease onion. In broth use only 1/2 of one. And use 1/4 in fish mixture. Also add 1Tbs dill to fish mixture

I get that Rita posted six years ago but I took her approach and cut it down for one (I live alone). I used salmon and haddock and it's fantastic. And apparently, I can freeze this so after the first night, I will cut it into serving sizes, wrap for the freezer and have this fantastic loaf for quite some time. I think even my grandmother who made wonderful gefilte fish - we didn't follow her around the kitchen for that, ala - would approve.

Just a helpful note. I used 2 serving size spoons and made these like quenelles, because even with wet hands it was very sticky. Worked great.

Make with salmon

I have developed a way to make the fish well in advance. I mix up the fish as per the recipes and make the fish patties. I then freeze them on a sheet pan RAW until solid and put the frozen fish balls into a freezer bag. I then make a court bouillon, a vegetable stock which is okay in the refrigerator for a few days or it also freezes well. The day before serving, I poach the frozen fish in the stock until done (at least an hour). No mess or stress before the gathering and it always tastes fresh

For those in the Philadelphia, PA area: SAMUEL'S SEAFOOD is the best place to get just caught fish (I use 3 lb whitefish, 3 lb pike and 1 lb carp) perfectly filleted with bones in separate bag for the stock. I make the mixture and put it in fridge overnight. And when making the fresh horseradish, make sure you pick roots that are nice and firm!

I decided to vary from my usual gefilte fish recipe. I liked the addition of fresh herbs. This was very disappointing. It turned out very bland and did not hold together well. Back to Mom’s original recipe next year.

Hard to find fresh water fish in SoCal, so used Pacific rockfish instead. Used a mix of tarragon, dill and parsley for the herbs and think that’s the call. Slowly simmered in the broth. Also thought it was a tad under seasoned so when plating for guests added a smidge of Jacobson’s finishing salt to the top with the herbs and carrot coin. Delicious.

My mother used carp and whitefish, any mild white fish will do .... the fish carcass, head, bones and skin is essential, simmer for 45 minutes and strain - cook to reduce by half it gels in the fridge, and is served with the fish, along with "chrane," horsereadish, how can you serve gefilte fish w/o horseradish, the horseradish root is now sold in super markets and farmers market. Grate, (wear a mask!). add vinegar, the fresher the better, yes, will open the synus passages.

My Polish grandmother used to make a sweeter mixture using ground almonds and matzo meal but i have never seen a recipe for it. I wish I had paid more attention when i was young!

For the last few years I have been making gefilte fish along these same lines. I use one pound of halibut, one pound of farmed salmon, and one pound of red snapper. The snapper comes from a 2 pound whole snapper. All trimmings and skin from all fish placed in bottom of pot along with the vegetables so that a gel(aspic) will form once fish is cooled. I don't braise the fish since that dilutes the flavor. Instead I steam the fish for about 25 minutes. Delicious!

Used the fish I had on hand plus trout: cod, haddock, salmon. Yummy! Might do it as a loaf for ease next time.

Recipe as written is far too wet. Total disaster. I am thinking that more matzo meal is required that 6 spoons and that the mixture shouts it in the fridge at least 30 minutes before being shaped and cooked

Every single one fell completely apart while cooking until it was gefilte fish stew. I scooped it out with a slotted spoon and put it in muffin tins. On our way to Seder now. We’ll see... But what did I do wrong???

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