Buteo rufinus, commonly called the Long-legged Buzzard, is a bird of prey that breeds in the Indian subcontinent in Himalayan forest country.
🗒 Synonyms
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🗒 Common Names
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📚 Overview
Summary
Bird group
Kites, hawks and eagles
SubSpecies Varieties Races
(a) Buteo rufinus rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1827) - SE Europe and Asia Minor E through Iran and Afghanistan to NW Mongolia and S to NW India (Garhwal); winters to NE Africa and N India.
(b) Buteo rufinus cirtensis Levaillant, 1850 - N Africa, from Mauritania to Egypt; Arabia.
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
References
Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829) '. Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.URL: http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=175392. Accessed on 24th February, 2012.
No Data
📚 Natural History
Reproduction
Mating displays: Males often attract females by spectacular aerobatic displays in breeding season.
Breeding season: March to May in Indian subcontinent.
Nest location: High trees bordering open land, rocky shelves and cliff sides.
Nest: Large structure of sticks.
Clutch size: 2-3. Sometimes 4 or 5.
Eggs: White to buff in colour with brown blotches.
Incubation period: 33-35 days.
Migration
Full migrant.
In the Indian subcontinent, resident and breeding populations found in the Himalayas. Widespread winter visitor to the peninsular regions.
Morphology
Adults have a pale head, neck and upper breast, pale primary patch on upperwings, rufous underwing-coverts, rufous brown lower breast and belly, black carpal patches, unfeathered legs, pale creamy rufous tail with indistinct cross bars and a distinctive broad terminal band. Soars with wings in deep V.
Juveniles less rufous with trailing edge to wings narrower and more diffuse and tail lightly barred and pale greyish brown in colour.
Behaviour
Seen singly or in pairs perched on tree tops or on mounds in open country, this heavy sluggish bird is often seen soaring and circling in the sky for hours. Its call is a loud wailing cat-like mewing. These birds are seen circling near forest or grass fires to prey on escaping animals.
Trophic Strategy
Carnivorous.
Feeds on carrion, small mammals including small rodents, small or disabled birds, and reptiles including lizards and snakes etc.
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Habitat
Terrestrial
Usually seen singly or in pairs perched on tree tops or on mounds in open country.
A. Global:
Habitat systems: Terrestrial.
General Habitats: Forest- Temperate; Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation; Grassland - Temperate, Subtropical/Tropical Dry; Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks); Artificial/Terrestrial- Arable Land.
Breeding Habitats: Artificial landscapes (terrestrial) - Arable land; Forest - Temperate forest; Grassland - Subtropical/tropical (lowland) dry grassland, Temperate grassland; Rocky areas; Shrubland - Mediterranean-type shrubland.
B. Indian subcontinent:
Precipitous rocky ground in summers. Open country and cultivated land in winters. Breeds in forested hills.
Description
Global Distribution
India, Sri Lanka
Distribution In India
Breeds in subcontinent in the Himalayan forest country. In winter widespread in the plains but difficult to distinguish, south to Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
Distribution In Assam
Migratory in Assam
Global range:
South West & South Central palearctic, Africa
Indian subcontinent range:
North & Central Afghanistan, Kashmir, Pakistan, South West Afghanistan, North West & Central India, Bhutan, North & Central Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, West & North Subcontinent.
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Category
Least Concern
IUCN Redlist Status: Least Concern
Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern (ver 3.1)
Year Published: 2011
Assessor/s: BirdLife International
Reviewer/s: Symes, A., Butchart, S.
Legislation
CITES Status
Appendix II
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) India Listed Species:Yes. Appendix:II.
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) Global Listed Species:Yes. Appendix:II.
AEWA (Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds) Listed Species:Yes. Appendix:II.
IWPA (Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972) Listed Species:No.
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
📚 Information Listing
References
- Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2016. Checklist of the birds of India (v1.1). Website: http://www.indianbirds.in/india/ [Date of publication: 03 October, 2016].
- Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2018. Checklist of the birds of India (v2.0). Website: http://www.indianbirds.in/india/ [Date of publication: 31 January, 2018].
- 'Appendices I, II and III'. UNEP-WCMC. 17 April, 2012. UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species. URL: http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php
- 'Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus)'. The Internet Bird Collection. 1st January 2012. URL: http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/long-legged-buzzard-buteo-rufinus
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2012.URL:http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/160032719/0
- 'CITES species database'. UNEP-WCMC. 17 April, 2012. UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species. URL: http://www.unep-wcmc-apps.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/fa_user.cfm#appendix
- 'The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (as amended upto 1993)'. URL: http://envfor.nic.in/legis/wildlife/wildlife1.html
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'BirdLife International (2012) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/04/2012.URL:http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=32719&m=1
- 'List of birds of Tamil Nadu'. Wikipedia. Last modified on 27 December 2011. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27th March, 2012.
- Grimmett, R, Inskipp, C and Inskipp, T. 'Pocket Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent'. Oxford University Press, 1999. Plate 68, Page 164.
- 'Vernacular Names of Birds of the Indian Subcontinent'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/Vernacular%20Names%20of%20Birds.html. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Long-legged Buzzard. (2012, December 21). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:06, January 3, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Long-legged_Buzzard&oldid=529071545.
- 'CITES'. Wikipedia. Last modified on 17 April 2012 at 15:16. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27th March, 2012. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITES.
- 'List of Common Names, CMS Appendices I and II – February 2012.' CITES Secretariat. URL: http://www.cms.int/pdf/en/CMS_Species_6lng.pdf
- 'Migratory birds of India'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=31313. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- 'Endemic Birds'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=774. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Ali, Salim. 'The book of Indian Birds'. Bombay Natural History Society, 2002. 13: Plate 12, Page 98.
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829) '. Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.URL: http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=175392. Accessed on 24th February, 2012.
- 'Statewise list of Birds of India'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=722. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Dec 2012.
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. Denis Lepage, Bird Checklists of the World, Avibase and Bird Links to the World. URL: http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC65921FEBE1BB96. Accessed on April 2nd, 2012.
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2012.URL:http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/160032719/0
- 'Long-legged Buzzard (<i>Buteo rufinus</i>)'. The Internet Bird Collection. 1st January 2012. URL: http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/long-legged-buzzard-buteo-rufinus
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'BirdLife International (2012) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/04/2012.URL:http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=32719&m=1
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. Denis Lepage, Bird Checklists of the World, Avibase and Bird Links to the World. URL: http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC65921FEBE1BB96. Accessed on April 2nd, 2012.
Information Listing > References
- Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2016. Checklist of the birds of India (v1.1). Website: http://www.indianbirds.in/india/ [Date of publication: 03 October, 2016].
- Praveen J., Jayapal, R., & Pittie, A., 2018. Checklist of the birds of India (v2.0). Website: http://www.indianbirds.in/india/ [Date of publication: 31 January, 2018].
- 'Appendices I, II and III'. UNEP-WCMC. 17 April, 2012. UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species. URL: http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php
- 'Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus)'. The Internet Bird Collection. 1st January 2012. URL: http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/long-legged-buzzard-buteo-rufinus
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2012.URL:http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/160032719/0
- 'CITES species database'. UNEP-WCMC. 17 April, 2012. UNEP-WCMC Species Database: CITES-Listed Species. URL: http://www.unep-wcmc-apps.org/isdb/CITES/Taxonomy/fa_user.cfm#appendix
- 'The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (as amended upto 1993)'. URL: http://envfor.nic.in/legis/wildlife/wildlife1.html
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'BirdLife International (2012) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/04/2012.URL:http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=32719&m=1
- 'List of birds of Tamil Nadu'. Wikipedia. Last modified on 27 December 2011. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27th March, 2012.
- Grimmett, R, Inskipp, C and Inskipp, T. 'Pocket Guide to the Birds of the Indian Subcontinent'. Oxford University Press, 1999. Plate 68, Page 164.
- 'Vernacular Names of Birds of the Indian Subcontinent'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/Vernacular%20Names%20of%20Birds.html. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Long-legged Buzzard. (2012, December 21). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10:06, January 3, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Long-legged_Buzzard&oldid=529071545.
- 'CITES'. Wikipedia. Last modified on 17 April 2012 at 15:16. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 27th March, 2012. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITES.
- 'List of Common Names, CMS Appendices I and II – February 2012.' CITES Secretariat. URL: http://www.cms.int/pdf/en/CMS_Species_6lng.pdf
- 'Migratory birds of India'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=31313. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- 'Endemic Birds'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=774. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Ali, Salim. 'The book of Indian Birds'. Bombay Natural History Society, 2002. 13: Plate 12, Page 98.
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829) '. Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.URL: http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=175392. Accessed on 24th February, 2012.
- 'Statewise list of Birds of India'. BNHS ENVIS Centre on Avian Ecology. URL: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in/forms/subjectwiselist.aspx?lid=722. Accessed on 25th March, 2012.
- Encyclopedia of Life. Available from http://www.eol.org. Accessed 15 Dec 2012.
- 'Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. Denis Lepage, Bird Checklists of the World, Avibase and Bird Links to the World. URL: http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC65921FEBE1BB96. Accessed on April 2nd, 2012.
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 May 2012.URL:http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/160032719/0
- 'Long-legged Buzzard (<i>Buteo rufinus</i>)'. The Internet Bird Collection. 1st January 2012. URL: http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/long-legged-buzzard-buteo-rufinus
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'BirdLife International (2012) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/04/2012.URL:http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/speciesfactsheet.php?id=32719&m=1
- '<i>Buteo rufinus</i> (Cretzschmar, 1829)'. Denis Lepage, Bird Checklists of the World, Avibase and Bird Links to the World. URL: http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC65921FEBE1BB96. Accessed on April 2nd, 2012.
Urban biodiversity: an insight into the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of Guwahati, India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaAvifauna of Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh, India with emphasis on Kalatop-Khajjiar Wildlife Sanctuary and its surroundings
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaNo Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Buteo |
| Species | Buteo rufinus (Cretzschmar 1829) |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
👥 Groups
